ABSTRACT

Wind Energy Guidelines. We provide recommendations for wind energy siting and operation to mitigate adverse impacts on birds, bats and ecological communities (Great Lakes open waters, Great Lakes coastal zone, grasslands, forests, inland wetlands, riparian areas and agricultural lands) in the Great Lakes region of North America. Guidelines are based on a synthesis of peer-reviewed literature and published reports. This document provides (1) an overview of biological interactions with wind energy siting, (2) specific guidelines to inform wind development including siting and operations, (3) important research needs to improve future guidelines, and (4) references to additional sources of information to further assist those interested in wind energy siting from a natural resource perspective.

CREATED	September 16, 2011
ORGANIZATION	The Nature Conservancy, Michigan State University
AUTHOR(S)	Ewert, David N; Cole, James B; Grman, Emily;
LICENSE	Attribution Non-Commercial

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