ࡱ> %` bjbjNN 4,,΁%```8L4u~$"o">"" }}}}}}}$7h~k;k"o"k;k;~/~DDDk;}Dk;}DDvy W `EAw,}E~0u~w$+GCp+Xyy+z"M+D_1;60"""~~CX"""u~k;k;k;k;d | | Climate Clinic Homework assignment for WebEx 2: Description on whether/how/what information your team has generated on the potential impacts of climate change on your project Chongming Dongtan Estuary For the second iteration of Shanghai Chongming Dongtan CAP, climate change and adaptation strategy is the key component that needs to be considered and integrated into. Two primary researches about this issue have been contracted out. Ecology center of Shanghai Fudan University has been chose to contact a research about climate change impacts on different components related to migratory birds including bird species, distribution ranges and seasonal staying pattern by linking with trends different climate elements since 1980s. The final report will be completed by the end of this year. In the meantime, a synthesis research has been contracted to Environment Department of Shanghai Fudan University to analyze the impacts of sea level rise and extreme weather events to estuarine ecosystem, particular habitats for birds, by using the Bath-In-Tube model. The contractor also has been asked to revise the completed Chongming Dongtan CAP based on the result of this research, to clarify threat caused by climate change and identify adaptation strategies. It expected to be finished by the end of this June. NV-UT Great Basin Project The NV-UT Great Basin Project has included very little about climate change in both CAPs or modeling forthe North Schell Creek Range site in NV and the Grouse Creek Mountains-Raft River Mountains in UT. In the Schell Creek Range, we assumed without data that high elevation springs and their wet meadows will experience reduced flow. Consequently, we developed acharmingstrategy to build short rock walls at the downstream ends of wet meadowsto retainwater in the herbaceous community. These rock walls would be built by hand. I do not remember the UT site having any climate change strategies, but Elaine can elaborate. However, we gained a lot experience with modeling the effects of CO2 enrichment and increased temperature on Great Basin ecological systems for western NV. We plan on using this approach for the clinic. We used the projected (A1B scenario) GHGconcentrations from the IPCC 2007 report that we variously combined with a good 2,300-year time series ofwestern juniper. We used the Medieval Period of the tree ring series for replicates of future (really) dry climate and the recent past as examples of wetter periods. The Raft River Mountains/Grouse Creek Mountains The Raft River Mountains/Grouse Creek Mountains team is just starting to research climate change information for northwest Utah. We are planning to interview a couple of climate change scientists at the University of Utah. Additionally we've found this website on tree ring data:  HYPERLINK "http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treering.html" \o "http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treering.html blocked::http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treering.html" http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treering.html(nothing specific for NW Utah, but it could be helpful to others in the U.S.). We look forward to learning more! Atitln Watershed Project We do not have generated information about the impacts of climate change, however, we have information that can be used to analyze those impacts. Information useful for adaptation to climate change: Identification of Biological Corridors in the Southwestern Region of the Watershed Biological Monitoring Protocol (in process of being up-dated and improved, in order to include indicators of climate change) Vegetation dynamic models for the pine-oak forest ecosystem (which started in order to understand the impact of different fire regimes) Vegetation patterns of broadleaved forest in San Pedro Volcano, which helped to understand the habitat requirements of endemic Horned Guan Population density of Horned Guan and phenology of some species used for food by the Guan Anecdotic information about the turnover of the Atitln Lake, which has impacted the water quality bringing nutrients sediments from the bottom, causing bacteria blooming. Variation in the turnover regime could be linked with climate change. Information useful for mitigation of climate change: Monitoring of reforestation projects in the watershed, and social impacts (in process). Preliminary information of forest fire impacts and fire regime in the region during the last ten years (in process). Moses Coulee plan Climate change was not incorporated into the planning process for Moses Coulee, althoughstaff have identified integratingthis threatinto the CAP as a priority. It has also been acknowledged that the geographic scope of the plan needs to be expanded for conservation success and to address climate change. Staffare preparingto run connectivity analyses for the region that will address increasing landscape connectivityand ultimately adaptability to climate change. Southeastern Massachusetts and the Islands ("Edge of Ice") The Edge of Ice team has reviewed all regional climate predictions from major sources (e.g. IPCC and UCS reports) and interpreted them for impacts to Marthas Vineyard Island. This has included expected impacts ranging from increased drought and fire hazard, sea level rise, erosion and, especially, the impacts of storm surge on target communities. With the support of a local donor, we a currently collaborating with a doctoral student who is further customizing scenarios for social and economic impacts on the Island. The Manomet Center for Conservation Science has collaborated with the MA Division of Fisheries and Wildlife to assess the vulnerability of statewide Species and Habitats of Greatest Conservation Need, which will inform our understanding of our targets. In collaboration with Manomet we have run Climate Wizard, both past trends and future projections, for MA but found that the downscaled data did not cover the coast and islands and did not yield significant results when assessing spatial variation across the small state of MA. Finally, in collaboration with the University of Massachusetts, Amherst we are assessing connectivity and ecological integrity of MA ecosystems which will inform our assessments of ecological resilience. Gulf of California and Coastal Watersheds Most of the information our team is generating on potential impacts of climate change are in process. The GOC team strategic planning (modified cap process), facilitated by Foundations of Success in 2008, identified climate change as a threat for all targets. The threats assessment (scope and severity) was completed using some expert advice, our collective basic knowledge and some literature references on climate change impacts. Currently our major methods and sources are directed at the Baja California Penenisula (which we hope can be expanded to the entire GOC) these will be a literature review and contract work done by partners at the San Diego Natural History Museum under the direction of Dr. Exequiel Ezcurra (who is now affiliated with University of California Institute for Mexico and the United States) and consultant Charlotte Gonzalez-Abraham. They will review current literature and research for possible regionalized climate change models suitable for us at the Baja California Peninsula scale, select appropriate climate change model and perform analyses to determine the potential impacts of climate change on the design of the ecoregional portfolio, evaluate the terrestrial portfolio as to level of resiliency to climate change impacts. In addition they will develop a finer resolution resilient and vulnerability to sea level rise layer for coastal conservation targets in collaboration with Steve Schill with TNC. (This will be expanded to encompass the entire GOC). So far they have reviewed new models developed specifically for Mexico by Universidad Nacional Autnoma de Mxico (UNAM)  HYPERLINK "http://www.atmosfera.unam.mx/gcclimatico/" http://www.atmosfera.unam.mx/gcclimatico/ and have selected the model MPIECHAM5 with the A2 scenario of emissions from the list proposed in the third assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Other potential research collaborations we are currently evaluating are projects at the Centro de Investigaciones Biologcas del Noroeste, S.C. (CIBNOR): Regiones vulnerables del Golfo de California ante el incremento del nivel medio del mar ( HYPERLINK "http://www.cibnor.gob.mx/eplant1.php?pagID=investigacion/pep/proy/le3_pr074t0" http://www.cibnor.gob.mx/eplant1.php?pagID=investigacion/pep/proy/le3_pr074t0) Global Climate change scenarios impacts on fisheries, Dr. Salvador Lluch Cota A few references we have used so far. . . . Garcia, J.M. and Gomez Palafox, J.V. 2005. La pesca industrial de camarn en el Golfo de California: situacin economico-financiera e impactos socio-ambientales. Conservation International. Caso, M., C. Gonzalez-Abraham, and E. Ezcurra. 2007. Divergent ecological effects of oceanographic anomalies on terrestrial ecosystems on the Mexican Pacific coast. Jacobson, L.D., J.A.A. de Oliveira, M. Barrange; M.A. Cisneros-Mata, R. Felix-Uraga, J.R. Hunter, J. Yeong Kim, Y. Matsuura, M.. Niguen, c. Porteiro, B. Rotschild, R.P. Sanchez, R. Serra, A Uriarte and T. Wada. 2001. Surplus production, variability and climate change in the great sardine and anchova fisheries. Can. J. Fish Aquat. Sci. 58:1891-1903. Lluch-Cota, et. al. 2007. The Gulf of California: Review of ecosystem status and sustainability challenges. Progress in Oceanography 73: 1-26. Magaa, V., C. Conde, O. Snchez, C. Gay. 1997. Assessment of current and future regional climate scenarios for Mexico. Climate Research, Vol. 9: 107-114, 1997. pp. 107-114. Townsend Peterson, A., M. Ortega-Herta, J. Bartley, V Snchez-Cordero, J. Sobern, R. Buddemeier, D Stockwell. 2002. Future projections for Mexican faunas under global climate change scenarios. Nature Vol 416, 11 April 2002.  HYPERLINK "http://www.nature.com" www.nature.com. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) / Convention on Migratory Species (CMS) Secretariat. 2006. Migratory Species and Climate Change: Impacts of a Changing Environment on Wild Animals. Bonn, Germany. 46 pp. Available at  HYPERLINK "http://www.cms.int/publications/pdf/CMS_CimateChange.pdf" http://www.cms.int/publications/pdf/CMS_CimateChange.pdf Northern Reefs We have not started exploring the specific effects of climate change on the Northern Reefs. While there have been work done in Palau looking at the potential effects of climate chance on our island, it was not specific to our site and it was not done by our team. Meili Snow Mountain Project in Yunnan Province, China. My team has already generated some potential impacts of climate change on our project within CAP. The impacts included the area size of alpine mosaic reduced and the retreat of low latitude glaciers by global warming. The information mainly depended on literature review, 1901-2099 RegCM3 climate model and repeat landscape photography over a 100 year time frame. Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico Under the Mesoamerican Reef Program (which spans 4 countries including the Mexican Caribbean), we have been assessingthe impact of climate change to the coral reef system,and morespecifically the resiliency to coralbleaching. Coral bleaching is the process where corals loose the symbiotic algea that is at the base of the food chain of this kind of marine system; while the specific conditions and process under which bleaching ocurr are not fully understood, the scientific community agrees that bleaching seems to be associated to the increase in sediments in the water, but more importantly, to the increase in the ocean'swater temperature (bleaching events have ocurred on the same years that water temperature has increased significantly). For the past 4 years,teams of TNC and partners marine specialists have been diving and collecting information in a systematic manner to assess the health of the reef system, establish baseline information, and record any ocurrence of coral bleaching. We have not initiated exploration of the effects of climate change to the forested ecosystems of the Yucatan Peninsula. Mediterranean Baja California Project We have addressed the issue of how Climate Change would impact our project but mainly in the context of impacts to our TNCs investment in two coastal private lands deals. We discussed the long term risk of losing significant area of the properties to be purchased due to sea level rise as they are surrounded by the ocean and flat. We have also informally discussed the consequences of CC in productive economic activities being conducted in the bay area, such as aquaculture due to the potential increase in water temperatures and how could this affect the socioeconomic aspect of the adjacent community due to the impacts on this main activity. Other informal discussions have also centered on the issue of protecting an altitudinal range of habitats from the coast to the highlands to provide for resilience. These issues had been addressed at different times and with different groups of people and not among the current clinic team members as a group. The Coastal Cordillera Dry Forests The Coastal Cordillera Dry Forests is one of the last remnants of dry tropical forests in Ecuador. Even though there are still big patches of forests (more than 10,000 hectares), we believe the patches are vulnerable to future climate change scenarios. We believe that factors as fragmentation and habitat degradation may make these ecosystems less resilient to future climate changes. This area has been impacted with El Nio events. Being forests very close to coastal areas they are very much linked to oceanic conditions, in special to marine currents. The Humboldt Current is the main reason why this region has low levels of precipitation. The rainy season is linked to when El Nio current reaches its southern limit. So we can assume that changes in marine conditions and marine currents can have a direct impact in the forest. Our team is starting to look for information on impacts on climate change in this area. Some initial data that we have collected: The National Report on Vulnerability, Adaptation and Mitigation of Climate Change identified the region as one of the three critical areas in the country. Data from a Regional Model PRECIS. Using two global modles HadCM3P and ECHAM. The results of the models are available online, where data on several climatic variables are shown. The models show increase of temperature and rainfall for the area. In discussion with some people there is questioning regarding if these are the best models to use for our region. Worldclim: WorldClim is a set of global climate layers (climate grids) with a spatial resolution of a square kilometer. It is widely used on the region. WordlClim has future climate data with around 20 models. Some of the data can be downloaded from the web (models CCCMA, HadCM3, CSIRO). CIAT one of the organizations involved in creating this data is a close partner from TNC. So it is quite easy to have access to all this information. Data from CCMA, HadCM3 and CSIRO has been downloaded and some first maps done by the NTA Science team (Jorge and Thomas), show increase in rainfall for the region. CIAT is working with TNC- South American Science Team in producing a map on future threats from Climate change for Ecosystems in South America. We are expecting to have the results of this work by the end of April. Climate Wizard: Does not have future climate data for us. Hopefully they will have more soon. References:  HYPERLINK "http://www.pacc-ecuador.org" http://www.pacc-ecuador.org. Proyecto de Adaptacin a Cambio Climtico a travs de una buena efectiva Gobernabilidad del Agua. http: ://www.wolrdclim.org Hijmans, R.J., S.E. Cameron, J.L. Parra, P.G. Jones and A. Jarvis, 2005. Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology 25: 1965-1978 MINISTERIO DEL AMBIENTE DEL ECUADOR. 2001VULNERABILIDAD-ADAPTACIN YMITIGACINAL CAMBIO CLIMTICO:Compendio de medidas, estrategias y perfiles de proyectos de los sectores energtico, forestal, agrcola, marino costero y recursos hdricosCOMIT NACIONAL SOBRE EL CLIMA. Quito-Ecuador Dugout/Canyonlands Literature Review as of March 1, 2009 We have surveyed the current literature on the following topics Climate dynamics, forcings, and trends for the southwestern US Influence of climate dynamics on fire, invasive species (primarily vegetation), and other impacts on terrestrial ecosystems Analyses conducted as of March 1, 2009 Weve conducted a preliminary validation of the long-term (1910 2007) PRISM (4 km x 4 km) climate data with observed records over the same time period. Similar analyses are planned for the PRISM (800 m x 800 m) data. We have examined the long-term anomalies for average, maximum, and minimum temperatures as well as the long-term precipitation anomaly for both the PRISM and observed data sets. We have analyzed output from 16 IPCC-AR4 GCMs used in the CMIP3 analyses under two climate forcing scenarios. These data were statistically downscaled (16 km x 16 km) by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for a subproject of the CMIP3 using a bias-correction and spatial disaggregation technique. Specifically we have examined the simulated trends in: Average annual temperature Annual precipitation Seasonal precipitation (DJF, MAM, JJA, SON) Annual Moisture Deficit as defined by total precipitation minus potential evapotranspiration Seasonal Moisture Deficit (defined as above) We have conducted an environmental envelope analysis to examine which clusters currently exist in the Dugout Ranch region (defined by the square box) and see what happens to them in the future. We wanted to get an idea of where in the world similar abiotic groupings may occur, if they persist into the future, and how far away species may have to travel to follow their niche. This analysis was conducted at a scale of 4 km and 5000 clusters were generated worldwide. We have evaluated output from one dynamic vegetation model run under 7 climate change scenarios (3 GCMs and 2 climate forcings, and 1 historical scenario) to determine potential vegetation shifts. USGS has recently complied data from 40 permanent vegetation transect locations spread throughout SE Utah NPS units. Results The Dugout Ranch/Canyonlands Region of southeastern Utah will experience higher temperatures and altered precipitation patterns, mostly likely in the form of less winter precipitation. As mean annual temperatures increase C3 perennial grasses will decrease; reaching 0% cover between 2014-2022; and shrub cover will reach 15% canopy (the current average canopy cover) by 2014-2053. We are uncertain how long C4 perennial grasses will persist in the region. Further, environmental factors climate, soils, and topographic features - could possible exist in the future in a combination that occurs no where else in the world. Partners: USGS, NOAA, Oak Ridge Labs, NPS, Utah State University Tallgrass Aspen Parkland ecoregion Concerning the assignment, Marissa Ahlering recently joined our science staff as a prairie ecologist. During the interview process, we asked her to develop (in the context ofour current CAP)a summary statement on how climate change will affect the Tallgrass Aspen Parkland ecoregion.Her two-page reportcontains the following parts: a. Climate Predictions For Upper Great Plains Region (IPCC 2007) b. Effects of Climate Change on Tallgrass Aspen Parkland (TAP) Conservation Targets (upland mosaic, lake-plain wetlands, and large mammals) c. Recommendations for climate change adaptation strategies Itprovides a very solid start on the homework we will need towork onover course of the next few months. Prior to Marissa's report, wepondered and discussed climate change issues, butnothing has been incorporatedinto the CAP workbook. Western Arctic Interior and Coastal Ecoregions (WA-ICE) The Polar Marine CAP has utilized the latest resources for information about the expression of climate change in the polar marine regions, including downscaled models using the latest data and model development tools from the IPCC and academic researchers at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks. Specific models for the Arctic marine systems are missing because data for these regions are modeled rather than empirically collected. We have also used data from biological research papers, industry and institutional reports, and other sources to develop potential expressions of climate change (e.g., models predicting sea ice loss), but specific responses from individual species and habitats are less understood. Where specific predictions exist we have used them to model target viability and begin to develop strategies. Working with researchers at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, we have identified the best-performing subset of global climate models for the two halves of the terrestrial study area Alaska and Northwest Canada. We have generated performance-weighted, downscaled climate data and corresponding maps for a standard set of parameters (e.g., baseline monthly temperature/precipitation, monthly mean temperature/precipitation in decadal increments out to 2051-2060,monthly standard deviations of temperature/precipitation in decadal increments to 2051-2060, etc.), using both PRISM (where available) and Climate Research Unit (CRU) data. The performance-weighted, downscaled climate information is based on the IPCC's Fourth Assessment (AR4) using the middle-of-the-road A1B emissions scenario. We have also generated maps showing model uncertainty for the various parameters. This work is complete for Alaska and in progress for Northwest Canada. We are in the early stages of investigating potential impacts to species via literature review and expert interviews. In 2006 we worked with Patrick Gonzalez to develop projected biome shifts for NW Canada based on HadCM3 GCM (Johns et al 2003), the IPCC SERES A2 emissions scenario (IPCC 2000) and the MC1 dynamic global vegetation model (Daly et al. 2000). Lakes Huron and Ontario For Lakes Huron and Ontario we have initiated a number of activities to inform climate change impacts. First, we have hired a regional Climate Change Ecologist, Dr. Kim Hall, whose focus is onincorporating climate change adaptation strategies into TNCs conservation planning at both the site (CAPs) and ecoregional scale for the Great Lakes region. Kim is using Climate Wizard, a suite of new regional downscaled models (D. Wuebbles,Univ of Illinois), and literature review. Second, one of our initial efforts was to host a Great Lakes Climate Adaptation Workshop in Chicago (Feb 12-13, 2008) in which key academic partners, and many of your staff and colleagues, participated. The goal of the meeting was toinform the Conservancys climate adaptation strategies within the Great Lakes basin. Specifically, our team addressed the following questions:1) What are the key natural systems within the Great Lakes Basin on which to focus conservation action in light of climate change?2) What are the key impacts of climate change that threaten these systems?; and, 3) What are the priority set of adaptation strategies which the Conservancy can implement to abate the impacts? Here we relied heavily on published literature (e.g., Heller & Zaveleta 2009) as well as expert opinion from a number of regional scientists to nominate and prioritize potential impacts. Outputs include a prioritized list of impacts and conservation strategies.A similar workshop is being held by Environment Canadaon climate changeimpacts on the Great Lakes on April 8-9th, 2009. Third, we have a number of field-based projects underway, each with specific literature and data (e.g., Western Lake Ontario lake level change study). Fourth, we are currently undergoing a Lake Huron CAP and are receiving input from regional experts at a series of workshops and WebExs. For Lake Ontario, we also benefit from a considerable amount of research done to understand the impact of lake levels on coastal habitats and species as part of a study of the effects of water level regulation by Moses Saunders dam. Fifth, a number of regional reports from both the US and Canada are available. Sixth, a list of potential natural communities and species has been identified to evaluate climate change consequences (e.g., some refugia, species sensitive to climate change). Mt Hamilton Project Area Our assessment of potential climate change impacts at Mt. Hamilton fall into three broad categories:Historical climatology, projected changes, and species distribution models. For historical data, we recently got a copy of the 800m resolution PRISM climatology (1895-2007), and we have generated a number of summaries from this data,including inter-annual variability and spatial heterogeneity. We are also investigating methods to father refine the temperature data using solar radiation estimates from a 30m resolution digital elevation models. Before that we were using 4k PRISM data and Worldclim data. We have also used the climate wizard for historical trend graphs that have been very helpful. For projected future changes, we have downscaled results from 23 global climate models to 800m resolution to get a sense of the spread ofprojections by modeland thus one measure of uncertainty. Some modeling groups did not analyze all emissions scenarios (e.g., on 15 modeling groups provided results for the A2 emissions scenario). For species distribution models, we have done some preliminary runs using a simple climate envelope analysis with observation points, historical climate summaries, and the results from the multiple GCMs. An analysis of 10 key species at Mount Hamilton found that most of them may move south to take advantage of higher elevation terrain. Finally, we have done some analysis at larger scales (state and biome wide) to look at shifts in habitat type. One analysis looked at how the mediterranean climate is projected to shift (it is stable at Mt. Hamilton), and another looked at broad habitat typeshifts in California usingthe MC1 DGVMat 10kmresolution. We have not summarized theimpacts at Mt. Hamilton from this study yet. Hudson Valley Throughout 2008, five multi-stakeholder workshops were held to develop scenarios and identify and evaluate response options for strengthening the Hudson Valleys capacity to withstand and adapt to expected impacts of climate change. Using formal scenario planning methods originally developed at Royal Dutch Shell, over 150 representatives of a very wide range of regional institutions, religious groups, business groups, transportation and infrastructure, health care, social services, and other community sectors in this process. The effort was convened by TNC in partnership with key governmental agencies, conservation groups, academic institutions and community based partners in the Hudson Valley. Four scenarios were collectively developed around two key uncertainties; preparedness (Will we prepare for climate change early or will we wait?) andthe nature ofour response (Will the focus be on engineered solutions or on natural systems?) We selected the IPCC A1B emissions scenario augmented by the NYC DEP Climate Change Program and the Northeast Climate Impacts Assessment (NECIA) as the basis for our assumptions about global climate change and sea level rise through 2030. We also reviewed climate change adaptation reports from other communities around the world to glean ideas about response options and recommendations, including Keene, NH, the London Adaptation Strategy, and a Westchester. County initiative. The scenarios serve as a backdrop for identifying and testing response strategies. More than 200 different response strategies were generated -- these were evaluated against eight criteria and via a unique web-based survey of participants and then culled to identify a subset of strategies that have the greatest likelihood of success across the scenarios. Spring 2009 marks a fulcrum for the Rising Waters project with the completion of the planning phase and the launch of implementation through diverse coalitions around the recommended strategies and the implementation of a host of social science based measurement tools. Atlantic Forest Conservation Program A) Atlantic Forest Scale Contract with CIAT Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical to develop the study: Greenlash in the Atlantic Forests of South America: Is there a relationship between regional deforestation and rainfall changes? Objective: To build models to find causality between deforestation and changes in climate regimes. The hypothesis is that changes in climate are a function of a) global and regional natural climate cycles, b) local changes in hydrological regimes brought about by land-cover change and c) regional changes in hydrological cycles brought about by land-cover change. If a correlation is found there will be argument to sustain the importance of natural cover to regulate the precipitation in AF. As a secondary product we have products showing areas in Atlantic Forest that are having increase drought. These areas can be seen as key areas that will need a special attention and strategy to adapt to the changes in precipitation and water availability. B) Project Scale The restoration Caraiva/Atlantic Forest carbon project, under developed is currently going through the process of certification. The certification will be with Carbon, Community and Biodiversity.  HYPERLINK "http://www.climate-standards.org/" http://www.climate-standards.org/. One of the main purpose of the project activity is to restore the environmental integrity of the area, specifically: To increase the quality and stabilize the flow of the waters in the Carava River through the restoration and protection of springs and riparian zones. The project is designing actions for mitigating these impacts on the project level. Restoring watersheds through planting a variety of native species as proposed in this PoA reduces the risk of severe flooding, stabilizes river and stream banks to prevent severe erosion, and slows the desiccation of rivers during severe droughts. C) Marketing and Communication Trough the Plant a Billion Campaign and the media that have been developed and released we are already communicating to the society the linkage between climate change and restoration. So we already have a strong communication channel taking place to disseminate information and engage the society on forest restoration and climate change issues, including adaptation. Altamaha Coastal Marine Project Area, Georgia The Altamaha Coastal Marine project has cooperated with Chris Craft, an Environmental Science Professor at the University of Indiana to develop a climate change model forecasting impacts on tidal marsh ecosystems on the Georgia coast. The methods employ the use of the sea-level affects marshes model (SLAMM) which simulates the dominant processes involved in wetland conversions and shoreline modifications during long-term sea-level rise (http:// HYPERLINK "http://www.warrenpinnacle.com/prof/SLAMM" www.warrenpinnacle.com/prof/SLAMM). The official website for this project is:  HYPERLINK "http://www.spea.indiana.edu/wetlandsandclimatechange/" http://www.spea.indiana.edu/wetlandsandclimatechange/ A peer-reviewed publication has resulted from the research: Craft, C., J. Clough, J. Ehman, S. Joye, D. Park, S. Pennings, H. Guo and M. Machmuller. 2009. Effects of Accelerated Sea level Rise on Delivery of Ecosystem Services Provided by Tidal Marshes: A Simulation of the Georgia (USA) Coast. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. doi: 10.1890/070219 Central Appalachian Mountains The Central Appalachian Integrated Landscape has been working with Mark Anderson of the Eastern US Conservation Science office to complete a preliminary Resiliency Analysis for Central Appalachian landscapes. We began work knowing that all of our landscapes will be affected by climate change as temperature and precipitation changes will most likely occur, but exactly what changes will occur are still not perfectly clear. In light of this ambiguity, weadopted the approach to determine which places we could focus on to help ensure thatthere would be sufficient size, conditions, and connectivity to create landscapes that would have some resistence and resilience to change and allow for adaptation to play out as changes occured.Using Mark's work we scored each of the landcapes with a resiliency score. The Central Apps team then took these sites and completed a feasibility analysis to determine which areas we would, as an Integrated Landcape Team, put our initial efforts to protect these sites in the face of threats. Through this work wehave designed a network of areason which the team would be focusing its efforts, and which can inform individual state programs of priorities.     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