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PleadingHeader for numbered pleading paper P@n   $] X X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:(PERENNIAL LAKES) '0*0*0*  6.8Closely associated with riverine communities (of fluvial lake genesis) usually in a marsh or floodplain, and with hydrology strongly influenced by the associated river; thermal stratification of water column disrupted during summer of an average year, permanent stratification only during winter ("inverse stratification" with ice at the surface); water continually circulating throughout summer and thus monomictic, shallow to moderately shallow lakes (typically to maximum of ca. 20 feet deep); BIOTA: may contain riverine species assemblages; profundal obligates in low abundance or absent, profundal intolerant species relatively abundant; pelagic component suspected to be poorly developed. ƀ%`%@(FLUVIAL LAKES)   7.(Situated adjacent to but separated from the main channel of a riverine community, typically formed from old meanders of the river cut off on both ends from the channel or from periodic overflow of the river levee; water relatively stagnant with relatively low flushing rate; generally associated with streams of orders 3 and higher; BIOTA: varying from riverine to lacustrine species assemblages based on frequency of levee  ? overwash events.......................................ƀ%` %F Oxbow Pond ă  ?   7a.` ` Includes..................................ƀ%` `%> Classic Oxbow Pond ă  ?h   7b.` ` May Include.......................................ƀ%` ` %F Levee Pond ă   7.(Situated along the main channel of a riverine community ("in line lakes"), usually formed from a relatively large natural impoundment (e.g., beaver dams) or deepening of the river; water not stagnant and with relatively high flushing rate; generally associated with streams of orders 3 and lower; BIOTA: riverine  ? species assemblages............................ƀ%`%? Flow Through Pond ă  6.8Not associated with and strongly influenced by adjacent riverine communities, usually not in a marsh or floodplain; water strongly influenced vertically from deep groundwater (EVALUATE TERMINOLOGY); BIOTA: primarily lacustrine species assemblages, typically with riverine species assemblages lacking or at low ƀ%   abundance.`0%:(STANDARD LAKE TYPES)  8.(Water column with permanent or prolonged periods of chemical stratification (forming a chemocline); Water column never completely mixes at any time of the year or with only very brief periods of complete mixing: ideally with only partial mixing in the mixolimnion above the chemocline but no mixing in the monimolimnion below the chemocline; BIOTA: "chemically tolerant"  ?@ species in the monimolimnion zone................ƀ%`x%A Meromictic Lake ă 8.(Water column completely mixes at least once per year; Water column generally not permanently chemically stratified; BIOTA: "chemically tolerant" species absent. ƀ%`%>(HOLOMICTIC LAKES)  9.ppAlkalinity low (generally less than 20 to 30 mg/l: CHECK WITH Susan W.); trophic state typically oligotrophic; BIOTA: vascular plants with low species diversity; "acid tolerant"  ?$ species dominant. ƀ%p`x%A(ACIDIC LAKES) .  H 10.` ` Trophic state dystrophic (with low conductivity, brown color); (may be dicothermic??: EVALUATE THIS FURTHER); lake usually with a closely associated peatland; substrate of thick peat to muck; BIOTA: "dystrophic tolerant" species  ?( present.............................................ƀ%` `!%H Bog Lake ă h)0*0*0* h  10.` ` Trophic state oligotrophic; water clear; lake usually without a closely associated peatland; substrate typically of coarse sediments; BIOTA: dominated by oxygenrequiring species; vascular plants usually at relatively low abundance, cyanobacteria generally absent, coldwater fish present and typically dominant, chironomids typically in Tanytarsus group (apply to NAP & STL?: check Steve F.), lowoxygen tolerant species including warmwater fish typically in low abundance, lacking or confined to the littoral and epilimnion zones (especially in sheltered shallow bays); "dystrophic tolerant" species in low ƀ%`   pp` ` abundance. `0%:(CLEAR ACIDIC LAKES).   11.P P Thermal stratification of water column disrupted during summer of an average year, permanent stratification only during winter ("inverse stratification" with ice at the surface); water continually circulating throughout summer and thus monomictic (FURTHER EVALUATE THIS: NOT POLYMICTIC?); shallow to moderately shallow lakes (typically to maximum of ca. 20 feet deep); usually with low habitat diversity; BIOTA: profundal obligates in low abundance or absent, profundal intolerant species relatively abundant; pelagic component, including fish  ?0 predators, poorly developed................... ƀ%P `%D Acidic Pond ă   pp 11a. 0 0 Note: in other ecoregions in NY (NAC, possibly GL), "coastal ponds" might key here (SEPARATE DESCRIPTION NOT PROVIDED IN TEXT: seasonal water level fluctuations usually dramatic, coarse underlying sediments, need comparison with intermittent ponds)  ? ......................................... ƀ%0 `%D Coastal Pond ă   pp` ` 11b. 0 0 (A POTENTIAL HIGHLY ACIDIC/ACIDIC SPLIT MAY BE WARRANTED AND SHOULD BE DISCUSSED FOR NAP LAKE TYPES). Highly acidic ponds in NAP have been called "tarn ponds", distinguished from the more typical acidic  ? ponds......................................... ƀ%0 `H!%G Tarn Pond ă   11.P P Thermal stratification of water column persistent throughout summer of an average year (maintaining a distinct thermocline separating the epilimnion and hypolimnion), water not continually circulating throughout summer; moderately to very deep lakes (typically at least ca. 20 feet deep); usually with high habitat diversity; BIOTA: profundal tolerant/obligate species in abundance (especially in the profundal zone); pelagic component well developed with coldwater fish typically abundant and typically including deepwater salmonids and  ?`" coregonids...........................ƀ%P `%; Acidic Dimictic Lake ă  ?(#   pp 11c. 0 0 May Include..........ƀ%0 `%. Oligotrophic Acidic Dimictic Lake ă  ?#   pp 11d. 0 0 May Include............ƀ%0 `%1 Eutrophic Acidic Dimictic Lake ă  9.ppAlkalinity high (generally greater than 20 to 30 mg/l: CHECK WITH Susan W.); trophic state typically eutrophic to mesotrophic; BIOTA: vascular plants with high species diversity; "acid tolerant" species in low abundance. ƀ%p  ?' `%@(ALKALINE LAKES) ă'0*0*0*  12.P P Thermal stratification of water column disrupted during summer of an average year, permanent stratification only during winter ("inverse stratification" with ice at the surface); water continually circulating throughout summer and thus monomictic (FURTHER EVALUATE THIS: NOT POLYMICTIC?); shallow to moderately shallow lakes (typically to maximum of ca. 20 feet deep); BIOTA: profundal obligates in low abundance or absent, profundal intolerant species relatively abundant; pelagic component generally poorly developed. ƀ%P `` %(SHALLOW (WINTERSTRATIFIED MONOMICTIC) ALKALINE LAKE TYPES) pp 13.@ @ Large, open lakes, usually at least about 200 acres and with sufficient width and surface area/depth ratio to have thermal stratification strongly influenced by wind so that the water column is well mixed in summer creating fairly uniform temperature and oxygen levels from top to bottom; may have moderately depth (to at most about 30 or 40 feet), can occur at deeper depths than sheltered ponds without summer stratification; usually with high habitat diversity; BIOTA: pelagic component, including fish predators, moderately well  ?h developed...........ƀ%@ `%, WinterStratified (Monomictic) Lake ă   pp` ` P P @ @ Assumes all examples of this type are alkaline. pp 13.@ @ Small, sheltered lakes, usually less than about 200 acres ("ponds") and with insufficient width and surface area/depth ratio to have thermal stratification strongly influenced by wind, thus the summer water column is fairly uniform in temperature and oxygen levels from top to bottom as a result of shallow depth; usually very shallow, up to at most about 20 feet deep; usually with low habitat diversity; BIOTA: pelagic component, including fish predators, poorly developedƀ%@  ? h  pp` ` P P @ @ ..........................................ƀ%@ `%B Alkaline Pond ă  ?   pp` ` P P @ @ 13a. Includes....................ƀ%`0%: Typical Alkaline Pond ă   pp` ` P P @ @ 13b. Note: in nearby ecoregions and possibly NAP, a very highly alkaline pond (with calcium carbonate concentrations exceeding 50 ppm) might key here; BIOTA: calciphiles predominate including Chara  ? spp. (SEE ALSO SEPARATE DESCRIPTION)....ƀ%` %F Marl Pond ă   12.P P Thermal stratification of water column persistent throughout summer of an average year (maintaining a distinct thermocline separating the epilimnion and hypolimnion), water not continually circulating throughout summer; moderately to very deep lakes (typically at least ca. 20 feet deep); usually with high habitat diversity; BIOTA: profundal tolerant/obligate species in abundance (especially in the profundal zone); pelagic component well developed. ƀ%P %0*0*0*   14.@ @ (Inverse) Thermal stratification of water column not developed or only weakly developed during winter of an average year (not forming ice at surface) or disrupted throughout much of winter and thus permanently stratified only during summer, and water continually circulating and isothermal throughout winter and thus with only one period of mixing and turnover (in the fall) and therefore monomictic; lakes usually very large and open (well over 5,000 acres) and usually very deep (well over 200 feet), and with sufficient width and surface area to have thermal stratification strongly influenced by wind and wave action during the winter so that the ice cover is broken up during times that similar lake types are frozen over, thus creating fairly uniform temperature and oxygen levels from top to bottom; BIOTA: deep profundal species and winter epilimnion plankton species abundant.ƀ%@  ?H   pp` ` P P @ @ ........................`%, SummerStratified (Monomictic) Lake ă   pp` ` P P `%7(=? WarmMonomictic Lake)   pp` ` P P @ @ Assumes all examples of this type are alkaline.   pp` `  14a. 0 0 Note: in the nearby GL ecoregion, a further  ?h distinction would be...ƀ%0 `%1 Great Lakes Deepwater Community ă pp 14.@ @ Water column inversely thermally stratified during winter (forming ice at surface) in addition to summer stratification and with two turnovers/periods of mixing per year (in the spring and fall) and thus dimictic; BIOTA: deep profundal species and winter epilimnion plankton species suspected to be at relatively low  ? abundance........................ƀ%@ `%9 Alkaline Dimictic Lake ă   pp` `  15. 0 0 Trophic state typically eutrophic to mesotrophic (relatively nutrient rich, with chlorophyll a levels greater than 3 ug/l, with total phosphorous greater than 10 ug/L after complete circulation, with high primary productivity reflected by high DIC/dissolved inorganic carbon at 75200 g/m2/year, with relatively low nitrogen concentrations, with relatively high epilimnion volume/hypolimnion volume ratio (usually >1), with relatively low transparencies reflected by secchi depths less than 4m, with oxygen depletion in the profundal zone); substrate typically of fine sediments; BIOTA: vascular plants usually at relatively high abundance, usually dominated by lowoxygen tolerant species, cyanobacteria generally abundant, warmwater fish abundant and typically dominated by cyprinids and centrachids (sunfishes), chironomids typically in Chironomus group (apply to NAP & STL?: check with Steve F.), oxygenrequiring species including coldwater fish typically in low abundance, lacking or confined to the profundal and  ?H& hypolimnion zones....ƀ%0 `%/ Eutrophic Alkaline Dimictic Lake ăH&0*0*0*   pp` `  15. 0 0 Trophic state typically oligotrophic (nutrient poor, with chlorophyll a levels 0.33 ug/l, with total phosphorous 0 to 10 ug/L after complete circulation, with low primary productivity reflected by low DIC/dissolved inorganic carbon at less than 75 g/m2/year, with relatively low nitrogen concentrations, with relatively low epilimnion volume/hypolimnion volume ratio (usually <1), with high transparencies reflected by secchi depths greater than 4m, well oxygenated in the profundal zone) to dystrophic; BIOTA: dominated by oxygenrequiring species; vascular plants usually at relatively low abundance, cyanobacteria generally absent, coldwater fish present and typically dominant, chironomids typically in Tanytarsus group (apply to NAP & STL?: check Steve F.), lowoxygen tolerant species including warmwater fish typically in low abundance, lacking or confined to the littoral and epilimnion zones (especially in sheltered shallow bays)ƀ%0  ?   pp` ` P P @ @ 0 0 ..................`%, Oligotrophic Alkaline Dimictic Lake ă 1.h(Reschke, 1990) Aquatic communities of a flowing, nontidal stream, in portions of the stream that lack persistent emergent vegetation, but may  ?0 include areas with submerged or floatingleaved aquatic vegetation. %%P ? ƀ%`%$Riverine System (SEE SEPARATE RIVERINE KEY).