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James Hardcastle, Asia Pacific Senior Advisor, External Affairs and Policy – illustrated the threat and the human issue of SLR on Batio Island, Kiribati, where a population of 25,000 people live on a 1.5 square mile island. Consider linking the SLR Foundation and with Global Island Partnership (GLISPA) AP sites where TNC works where this would matter – PNG and Indonesia (could work through provincial planning and policy), China and Solomon Islands and Seychelles (via tourism policy). Lizzie McLeod, Coral Triangle Climate Change Scientist – focused on SLR impacts on sea turtle nesting beaches and mangrove vulnerability assessment, seeking guidance and methodology for conducting vulnerability assessments in developing countries where data is poor; workshop in AP; cites Kimbe Bay, Papua New Guinea resilience MPA network where they have used habitat classification proxies. Jena Carter, Regional Marine Director, Northern Pacific – challenges, information and policy needs are (1) structure regulation, dike management through national and local policy; (2) habitat migration, (3 carbon absorption by coastal peat wetlands in temperate areas; (4) large scale oceanographic changes in offshore fisheries. TNC niche is spatial planning and potentially agency education. Sarah Newkirk, Coastal Team Leader, Long Island, NY – SLR is a “silent snail,” i.e., a slow threat. Issues are: (1) storm inundation (this gets attention), (2) human community resilience (connecting people to the issue), (3) political issues are very local with a logo of regulation without communication (4) property rights and perverse incentives for coastal structures (i.e., flood insurance). In NY, TNC wrote legislation to address buffers and barrier island erosion control working with the Army Corps of Engineers. Doug Shaw, FL Director of Science – focus in FL has been on reef resilience to climate change. Challenges: (1) Much of FL is below 12m in elevation and at risk of inundation, including four major TNC project sites: Apalachicola bay, Tamaqua national salt marsh preserve, Indian River Lagoon, and the FL Keys where (2) salinity change, habitat migration are also a threat. (3) Heavy development will not allow for human migration. (4) Constantly changing scope and timeline of the issue. Needs: policy tools and framework for land use, CZMA land use planning processes, $$$ for adaptation projects that include restoration. TNC FL chapter has a climate change team to think about how to maintain site protection as inundation occurs. Isabel Granillo, Program Manager, Baja California – San Quitin Bay, Mexico, where TNC and partners have acquired property to take it out of the hands of developers; Challenges: weak development policies and low political will; $25M has to be raised privately. Here there are active aquaculture and fisher communities, but they are not engaged in the SLR issue. Rafael Calderon, Gulf of Mexico Initiative Director – Sea-level rise in the Gulf of Mexico has been considered science fiction up to now.  Very little has been done, with the exception of Louisiana and Florida.  Now, states are interested in this topic but are very wary of the results of any analysis because they fear it will scare investment away. The biggest challenge to address SLR has been and continues to be capacity.  As of the fall 2008, the Gulf of Mexico program has secured funding to initiate an analysis of SLR. The Northern GOM Ecoregional Assessment identified critical coastal and estuarine habitats which are all threatened by SLR in varying degrees: 1) subsidence and flooding in LA, 2) shoreline hardening in MS, AL, 3) barrier island migration or destruction all around, 4) sandflats and bird nesting habitat.  Working with the Gulf Governor's Alliance to address this issue under the resilience concept. Alex Arrivillaga, Marine Conservation Specialist, Mesoamerican Reef, Mexico – Includes the western Caribbean and four countries: Mexico, Belize, Guatemala and Honduras with a completed Marine Ecoregional Assessment with a threats analysis. Climate change emerged as the highest threat in the ecoregion. TNC focuses on biodiversity conservation here including reef resilience (“Bleach Watch” program) and spawning aggregations. Region consists of many islands and coastal lowlands that have habitats like turtle nesting beaches and mangroves that are vulnerable to SLR. Needs: identify and model vulnerability of these sites and identify habitat sites (e.g., sandy beaches or spp./habitats that will migrate) that are resilient: get finer scale topographic maps, development policy, alignment of human and habitat goals, and messaging. Jeanne Brown, Coastal Conservation Program Manager, based in St. Croix, focus on Virgin Islands (US and British) + SE Caribbean (Jamaica- Lesser Antilles).  In the SE Caribbean coastal and marine program, we focus on protection and restoration of mangroves, coral reefs, seagrass bed communities, beaches and offshore cayes.  We tend to have less land acquisition and instead push more for the establishment of MPA networks, valuing ecosystem services, ensuring for connectivity, restoration, sustainable fisheries, land-use decisions with conservation elements, and species-specific conservation (turtles).  Our greatest need is to be able to convey how likely SLR is, how soon we can expect to see changes to the coastal zone, and how to protect the near-shore resources.  Maps are needed, even just crude maps that help visualize the threat and can convey some conservation strategies. Dick Vanderschaaf, OR Coast Marine Conservation Director and Alison Aldous, Director of Research and Monitoring – OR coast comprised mostly of estuarine habitat where TNC focuses on MPA planning. Challenges: (1) how to influence how CZMA funds are spent, (2) estuaries fragmented by roads (TNC looking @ options on rebuilding using DOT funds). Jacques White, WA Marine Program Manager – focus on Alliance for Puget Sound Shorelines and Nearshore Ecosystem Partnership with Army Corps; challenges: development and managing migratory species. Partner Presentations Patty Glick, Senior Global Warming Specialist, National Wildlife Federation (see PowerPoint presentation) – NWF has used SLAMM (Sea Level Affecting Marsh Migration Model) to predict impacts across Florida, Puget Sound and other Pacific NW sites and Chesapeake Bay. Support changing existing policies that encourages or subsidizes coastal development; will publish a report in June 2008 that includes a proposed human retreat strategy for Florida; Need: address legal and regulatory barriers to adaptive management. Nancy Cofer-Shabica, Scientist GIS Integration and Development Program, NOAA Coastal Services Center (see .pdf of PowerPoint presentation) – NOAA uses land cover, LIDAR, benthic habitat models; focus is on coastal hazards and community resilience; Examples of programs (1) Rise Wise Partnership (2) Digital Coast (TNC is partner in this), (3) issue-based training, (4) coastal inundation mapping, (5) SLR visualization with a pilot project in Charleston, SC. John Rbzyck, Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Science, Western Washington University, Bellingham WA – Port Susan Advisory Committee member. (see PowerPoint presentation). Enrique Reyes, Associate Professor, Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC – (see PowerPoint presentation). David Patte, Assistant Regional Director of External Affairs, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, OR (no presentation given) – focus on species listings and managing 177 coastal national wildlife refuges, Alaska forum on climate change, on-site workshops fostering cross-agency (state and federal) coalescing of research and strategy workgroups. Needs: (1) species vulnerability data, (2) models, (3) collaborative funding. Mary Mahaffy, Division Manager for Environment Assessment, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Tacoma, WA – working to represent USFWS within Puget Sound Partnership, connecting caucuses and ecosystem coordination board. <TU`,< $ Ё Ќ б ч   ! 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